Africa’s largest and most populous countries
According to World Bank figures (World Development Indicators, as checked for the CCAF Origins Atlas in October 2026), Algeria is Africa’s largest country by surface area, about 2.38 million square kilometres, closely followed by the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sudan. Nigeria is the most populous, with about 238 million people in 2025, followed by Ethiopia and Egypt. Population figures are estimates and change every year.